<![CDATA[Did you said Soul Jazz?]]>

<![CDATA[Did you said Soul Jazz?]]>Soul jazz was a development of hard bop which incorporated strong influences from blues, gospel and rhythm and blues in music for small groups, often the organ trio which featured the Hammond organ. Important soul jazz organists included Bill Doggett, Charles Earland, Richard “Groove” Holmes, Les McCann, “Brother” Jack McDuff, Jimmy McGriff, Lonnie Smith, Big John Patton, Don Patterson, Shirley Scott, Hank Marr, Reuben Wilson, Jimmy Smith and Johnny Hammond Smith.

Tenor saxophone and guitar were also important in soul jazz; soul jazz tenors include Gene Ammons, Eddie “Lockjaw” Davis, Eddie Harris, Houston Person, and Stanley Turrentine; guitarists include Grant Green and George Benson. Other important contributors were Alto saxophonists Lou Donaldson and Hank Crawford, trumpeter Blue Mitchell, and drummer Idris Muhammed (ne Leo Morris). Unlike hard bop, soul jazz generally emphasized repetitive grooves, melodies, and melodic hooks.

Soul jazz was developed in the late 1950s, reaching public awareness with the release of The Cannonball Adderley Quintet in San Francisco, and was perhaps most popular in the mid-to-late 1960s, though many soul jazz performers, and elements of the music, remain popular. Although the term “soul jazz” contains the word “soul,” soul jazz is only a distant cousin to soul music, in that soul developed from gospel and R&B rather than from jazz.

Some well-known soul jazz recordings are Lee Morgan’s The Sidewinder (1963), Herbie Hancock’s Cantaloupe Island (1964) (which was popularized further when sampled by US3 on Cantaloop), Horace Silver’s Song for My Father (1964) (which was musically alluded to by Steely Dan with Rikki Don’t Lose That Number), Ramsey Lewis’sThe In Crowd (1965), and Cannonball Adderley’s Mercy, Mercy, Mercy (1966) (also popularized further when covered as a top 40 pop song by The Buckinghams).

The Soul Jazz vernacular was a major contributer to the evolution of Jazz-Funk in the 1970s.

Soul jazz Origins: hard bop, rhythm and blues, blues, gospel Cultural origins: 1950s Typical instruments: Hammond organ, piano, saxophone, guitar, double bass, electric bass, drums Mainstream popularity: 1950s to 1970s Subgenres: Jazz-funk List of Soul Jazz musiciens Cannonball Adderley – sax Nat Adderley – cornet Gene Ammons – sax Curtis Amy – sax Roy Ayers – vibraphone Joe Beck – guitar George Benson – guitar, vocals Lou Blackburn – trombone Billy Butler (guitarist) Earl Bostic – sax George Braith – sax Zachary Breaux – guitar Bobby Broom – guitar Norman Brown (guitarist) – guitar Ray Bryant – piano Rusty Bryant Kenny Burrell – guitar Billy Butler (guitarist) – guitar Arnett Cobb – sax Sonny Cox – sax Hank Crawford – sax The Crusaders King Curtis Eddie Davis (saxophonist) – sax Joey DeFrancesco – organ, trumpet Monica Dillon Bill Doggett Lou Donaldson – sax Cornell Dupree Charles Earland İlhan Erşahin – sax Wilton Felder Ronnie Foster George Freeman Funk, Inc. Maynard Ferguson – trumpet Grant Green – guitar Jabari Grover – Vocals Herbie Hancock Eddie Harris Gene Harris Bill Heid Wayne Henderson (musician) Red Holloway – saxophone Ron Holloway – tenor saxophone Richard Holmes (organist) – organ Stix Hooper Freddie Hubbard – trumpet Bobbi Humphrey – flute Fred Jackson (saxophonist) – sax Willis Jackson (saxophonist) – sax The J.B.’s Henry Johnson (guitarist) Plas Johnson Wayne Johnson – guitar Ivan “Boogaloo Joe” Jones – guitar Ronny Jordan – guitar Rahsaan Roland Kirk Earl Klugh – guitar Charles Kynard Ramsey Lewis – piano Bobby Lyle – piano Johnny Lytle Harold Mabern – piano Junior Mance – piano Herbie Mann – sax, flute Hank Marr – organ Pat Martino – guitar Hugh Masekela – trumpet Les McCann – piano Big Jay McNeely sax Wes Montgomery – guitar Dick Morrissey – tenor/soprano sax Ronald Muldrow – guitar Jack McDuff – organ Jimmy McGriff – organ Lee Morgan – trumpet Idris Muhammad – drums Ronald Muldrow – guitar Oliver Nelson – sax David Newman (jazz musician) – sax Johnny O’Neal Maceo Parker – sax John Patton (musician) – organ Duke Pearson – piano Houston Person – sax Sonny Phillips Trudy Pitts Jimmy Ponder Seldon Powell – sax, flute Pucho & His Latin Soul Brothers Bernard Purdie Ike Quebec – sax Chuck Rainey Joshua Redman – sax Freddie Roach (organist) – organ Joe Sample – piano Marlon Saunders – vocals Rhoda Scott – organ Shirley Scott – organ Horace Silver – piano Nina Simone – vocals Dr. Lonnie Smith – organ Jimmy Smith (musician) – organ Johnny “Hammond” Smith – organ Melvin Sparks – guitar Leon Spencer – organ B.B. Reed – sax Grady Tate – drums Billy Taylor – piano The Three Souls The Three Sounds Bobby Timmons – piano Stanley Turrentine – sax James Ulmer Harold Vick – sax, flute Jr. Walker & the All Stars Winston Walls Grover Washington, Jr. – sax Mark Whitfield – guitar Don Wilkerson Baby Face Willette – organ Jack Wilson (jazz pianist) – piano Reuben Wilson John Wright – piano Larry Young (jazz) – organ Joe Zawinul – keyboards

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