<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?><oembed><version><![CDATA[1.0]]></version><provider_name><![CDATA[]]></provider_name><provider_url><![CDATA[https://usembassyaddis.wordpress.com]]></provider_url><author_name><![CDATA[U.S. Embassy Addis Ababa]]></author_name><author_url><![CDATA[https://usembassyaddis.wordpress.com/author/pasaddis/]]></author_url><title><![CDATA[Ethiopia’s Drought – Challenges and Responses (Part&nbsp;2)]]></title><type><![CDATA[link]]></type><html><![CDATA[<p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="574" data-permalink="https://usembassyaddis.wordpress.com/23877261626_959f5f6549_o/" data-orig-file="https://usembassyaddis.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/23877261626_959f5f6549_o.jpg" data-orig-size="5064,3376" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;5.6&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;ILCE-6000&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1445935263&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;50&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;1000&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.02&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}" data-image-title="23877261626_959f5f6549_o" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://usembassyaddis.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/23877261626_959f5f6549_o.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://usembassyaddis.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/23877261626_959f5f6549_o.jpg?w=1024" class="alignnone  wp-image-574" src="https://usembassyaddis.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/23877261626_959f5f6549_o.jpg?w=848&#038;h=565" alt="23877261626_959f5f6549_o" width="848" height="565" srcset="https://usembassyaddis.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/23877261626_959f5f6549_o.jpg?w=848&amp;h=565 848w, https://usembassyaddis.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/23877261626_959f5f6549_o.jpg?w=1696&amp;h=1130 1696w, https://usembassyaddis.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/23877261626_959f5f6549_o.jpg?w=150&amp;h=100 150w, https://usembassyaddis.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/23877261626_959f5f6549_o.jpg?w=300&amp;h=200 300w, https://usembassyaddis.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/23877261626_959f5f6549_o.jpg?w=768&amp;h=512 768w, https://usembassyaddis.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/23877261626_959f5f6549_o.jpg?w=1024&amp;h=683 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 848px) 100vw, 848px" /></p>
<p>While it is perhaps inevitable that the severity of the current drought has led to comparisons with 1984, we must remind ourselves that today’s Ethiopia is not the same as 1984’s Ethiopia.  Tremendous progress has been made with support from the international community, both in terms of overall development and in the ability of the Government of Ethiopia (GOE) to reduce and manage risk, build resilience and facilitate inclusive growth in areas of the country subject to recurrent crises. The GOE has been proactive in addressing the needs of the current drought, shifting resources between projects to purchase additional food on the international market and providing assistance to the most affected. Nevertheless, Ethiopia is still one of the world’s poorest countries. According to a recent World Bank (2015) poverty assessment, “37 million Ethiopians remain either poor or vulnerable to falling into poverty in the wake of a shock.” Their needs are so great that they exceed beyond the ability of the GoE to respond and international donors are mobilizing to fill the gap.</p>
<p>The current drought is exceeding the resilience capacities of many households in the worst affected areas, threatening the resilience and development gains we’ve supported.  However, it is equally clear that these gains have made a real difference and that we must stay the course.  Indeed, the current drought and the likelihood of increasingly frequent and severe weather events make the need to do so more compelling and clear.</p>
<h2><strong>Building Household Resistance</strong></h2>
<p>Since the 2011-2012 drought crisis, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has increased its investments in resilience in the pastoral <em>lowlands </em>while also bolstering agricultural support activities in the <em>highlands</em>. Livestock sales have increased in pastoralist areas where USAID is working from $6.2m in 2012 to $43.1m in 2015.  This increase, attributable in part to the $15.5m in private sector investment in the sector that the United States Government and its partners helped to facilitate, has helped many pastoralist households to build up savings, thus giving them the means to weather shocks like the current drought.</p>
<p>Through the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Food for Progress Program, USDA and ACDI/VOCA are working together on the Feed for Enhancement for Ethiopian Development project (FEED) to support the development of Ethiopia’s livestock feed sector. The program is helping Ethiopian agricultural cooperatives build their capacity to produce their own feed. The GOE recently contracted with seven FEED project cooperatives to supply nearly 5,000 metric tons of feed to the drought affected areas. Coming from within Ethiopia, this feed can get to affected areas much quicker than imported feed.</p>
<p>U.S. support to the GOE’s Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) is also paying dividends. PSNP is helping to support millions of chronically food insecure families by assisting them to reduce the amount of time without sufficient food and increase household asset accumulation. Additionally, U.S. assistance has helped tens of thousands of households enrolled in the PSNP to achieve self-sufficiency and ‘graduate’ from the program.</p>
<h1><strong>በኢትዮጵያ ለተከሰተው ድርቅ እየተሰጠ ያለው ምላሽ</strong><strong>&#8211;</strong><strong>ተግዳሮቶችና መልካም አጋጣሚዎች (ክፍል 2)</strong></h1>
<p>ምንም እንኳን ዘንድሮ የተከሰተው ድርቅ የከፋ ከመሆኑ የተነሳ በሀገሪቱ ታሪክ በ1977 ዓ.ም. ከተከሰተው ጋር ማነፃፀሩ አይቀሬ ቢሆንም፤የዛሬይቱ ኢትዮጵያ ከ1977ቱ ጋር አንድ አለመሆኗን ልብ ልንለው የሚገባ ጉዳይ ነው፡፡ በተደጋጋሚ ለችግሩ ተጋላጭ በሆኑ አካባቢዎች ሁሉን አቀፍ የሆነ ዕድገት በማረጋገጥ፣አደጋን የመቀነስና የመቋቋም አቅምን በመገንባት የኢትዮጵያ መንግሥት በርካታ ሥራዎችን የሠራ ሲሆን፤ዓለም አቀፉ ማህበረሰብም መጠነሰፊ የሆነ እገዛ በማድረግ ላይ ይገኛል፡፡ መንግሥት በድርቁ ምክንያት የተከሰተውን የምግብ እጥረት ለመቅረፍ አስቀድሞ በመንቀሳቀስና ግብዓቶችን ከተለያዩ ፕሮጀክቶች በማቀናነስ ከዓለም ገበያ እህል ገዝቶ እጅግ ለተጎዱ ወገኖች እንዲደርስ አድርጓል፡፡ ይሁንና ኢትዮጵያ አሁንም በዓለማችን ላይ ካሉ እጅግ ደሃ የሆኑ ሀገራት ተርታ የምትመደብ ናት፡፡ ዓለም ባንክ እ.ኤ.አ. በ2015 ባወጣው ሪፖርቱ እንዳመለከተው፡- “37 ሚሊዮን የሚሆኑ ኢትዮጵያውያን ወይ በድህነት ውስጥ የሚኖሩ ናቸው፤ አልያም ጠንከር ያለ አደጋ ሲገጥማቸው በቀላሉ ወደ ድህነት አዘቅት የሚወርዱ ናቸው፡፡” የተፈጠረው እጥረት ከፍተኛና ከኢትዮጵያ መንግሥት አቅም በላይ በመሆኑ፤ዓለም አቀፍ ለጋሾችያለውን ክፍተት ለመሙላት በመንቀሳቀስ ላይ ይገኛሉ፡፡</p>
<p>የአሁኑ ድርቅ በተጎዱ አካባቢዎች የሚገኙትን አባወራዎች የመቋቋም አቅም በመፈታተን፤እስካሁን ድጋፍ ያደረግንላቸውን የአቅም ግንባታና የልማት ትሩፋቶችን አደጋ ላይ ጥሏል፡፡ ነገር ግን እነዚህ ትሩፋቶች ተጨባጭ ለውጦችን ያመጡ ስለሆኑ፤ በሁኔታዎች ተስፋ ሳንቆርጥ ወደፊት መግፋት ይኖርብናል፡፡ በእርግጥ አሁን ያለው ድርቅ ብቻ ሳይሆን የዚህ ዓይነት አደጋዎች የመከሰት ዕድል በአየር ንብረት ለውጥ የተነሳ ከፍ እያለ መምጣቱ የምናደርጋቸውን ጥረቶች ማጠናከር የውዴታ ግዴታ ያደርገዋል፡፡</p>
<h2><strong>የአባወራዎችን አቅም መገንባት</strong></h2>
<p>ከ2003-2004 ዓ.ም. ከተከሰተው ድርቅ ጀምሮ የአሜሪካ ዓለም አቀፍ ልማት ኤጀንሲ(USAID) በቆላማ አካባቢዎች የሚገኙ አርብቶ አደሮችን አቅም የመገንባት፤ በደጋማው የሀገሪቱ ክፍል ለሚገኙትም ድጋፍ የመስጠት ሥራ ሲሠራ ቆይቷል፡፡ ኤጀንሲው እነዚህን ሥራዎች በሚሠራባቸው የአርብቶ አደር አካባቢዎች የእንስሳት ዋጋ ጨምሮ አጠቃላይ ሽያጭ በ2004 ዓ.ም. 6.2. ሚሊዮን ዶላር ከነበረበት በ2008 ዓ.ም. ወደ 43 ሚሊዮን ዶላር ከፍ ሊል ችሏል፡፡ ይህ የሽያጭ ዕድገት ሊመጣ የቻለው ኤጀንሲው የአሜሪካ መንግሥትና አጋሮቹ ባመቻቹት የግሉ ዘርፍ ኢንቨስትመንት በአርብቶ አደር አካባቢ ያሉ አባወራዎች የቁጠባ አቅም በማጠናከር እንደ ዘንድሮው ድርቅ ያሉ የአየር ንብረት ክስተቶችን እንዲቋቋሙ ስላስቻላቸው ነው፡፡</p>
<p>በአሜሪካ መንግሥት የግብርና ሚኒስቴር የምግብ ለዕድገት መርሀ ግብር እና ACDI/VOCA የኢትዮጵያን የእንስሳት መኖ ዘርፍ ለማልማት ለኢትዮጵያ ልማት መኖ ማበልፀግ በተሰኘ ፕሮጀክት ላይ በጋራ በመሥራት ላይ ይገኛሉ፡፡ መርሀ ግብሩ የኢትዮጵያ የግብርና ኅብረት ሥራ ማኅበራትን አቅም በመገንባት የራሳቸውን መኖ ማመረት የሚችሉበትን ሁኔታ ያመቻቻል፡፡ የኢትዮጵያ መንግሥት በቅርቡ ከነዚህ ሰባቱ የኅብረት ሥራ ማኅበራት በድርቅ ለተጎዱ አካባቢዎች 5,000 ሜትሪክ ቶን የእንስሳት መኖ እንዲያቀርቡ ውል ፈጽሟል፡፡ ይህ መኖ ሀገር በቀል በመሆኑ፤ ከውጭ ከሚገባው ይልቅ ለነዚህ አካባቢዎች በፍጥነት ሊደርስ ይችላል፡፡</p>
<p>ከዚህም በተጨማሪ በአሜሪካ መንግሥት የሚደገፈው የኢትዮጵያ መንግሥት የሴፊቲ ኔት መርሀ ግብር ከፍተኛ እገዛ በማድረግ ላይ ይገኛል፡፡ መርሀ ግብሩ በጣም ከፍተኛ የምግብ እጥረት ያለባቸው በሚሊየኖች የሚቆጠሩ ቤተሰቦችን የሚደግፍ ሲሆን፤እነዚህ ቤተሰቦች ያለ በቂ ምግብ የሚቆዩበትን ጊዜ በመቀነስና ንብረት ማፍራት እንዲችሉ በማገዝ ላይ ያተኩራል፡፡ በተጨማሪም የአሜሪካ መንግሥት በዚሁ መርሀ ግብር በኩል በሚሰጠው ድጋፍ በአሥር ሺዎች የሚቆጠሩ አባወራዎች ራሳቸውን ችለው ከመርሀ ግበሩ እንዲሰናበቱ ተደርጓል፡፡</p>
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